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适用范围：<p><span class="italic"><span class="italic">Assumptions</span>: </span> <p>The control well discharges at a constant rate, <span class="italic">Q</span>.</p> <p>The control well is of infinitesimal diameter and fully penetrates the aquifer.</p> <p>The aquifer is homogeneous, isotropic, and areally extensive.</p> <p>The aquifer remains saturated (that is, water level does not decline below the top of the aquifer).</p> <p>The aquifer is overlain, or underlain, everywhere by a confining bed having a uniform hydraulic conductivity and thickness. It is assumed that there is no change of water storage in this confining bed and that the hydraulic gradient across this bed changes instantaneously with a change in head in the aquifer. This confining bed is bounded on the distal side by a uniform head source where the head does not change with time.</p> <p>The other confining bed is impermeable.</p> <p>Leakage into the aquifer is vertical and proportional to the drawdown, and flow in the aquifer is strictly horizontal.</p> <p>Flow in the aquifer is two-dimensional and radial in the horizontal plane.</p> <p>The geometry of the well and aquifer system is shown in Fig. 1.</p><p id="s00002">1.1 This test method covers an analytical procedure for determining the transmissivity and storage coefficient of a confined aquifer and the leakance value of an overlying or underlying confining bed for the case where there is negligible change of water in storage in a confining bed. This test method is used to analyze water-level or head data collected from one or more observation wells or piezometers during the pumping of water from a control well at a constant rate. With appropriate changes in sign, this test method also can be used to analyze the effects of injecting water into a control well at a constant rate.</p> <p id="s00003">1.2 This analytical procedure is used in conjunction with Test Method <a href="http://myastm.astm.org/SUBSCRIPTION/NewValidateSubscription.cgi?D4050-HTML">D4050</a>.</p> <p id="s00004">1.3 <span class="italic"><span class="italic">Limitations</span>8212;</span>The valid use of the Hantush-Jacob method is limited to the determination of hydraulic properties for aquifers in hydrogeologic settings with reasonable correspondence to the assumptions of the Theis nonequilibrium method (Test Method <a href="http://myastm.astm.org/SUBSCRIPTION/NewValidateSubscription.cgi?D4106-HTML">D4106</a>) with the exception that in this case the aquifer is overlain, or underlain, everywhere by a confining bed having a uniform hydraulic conductivity and thickness, and in which the gain or loss of water in storage is assumed to be negligible, and that bed, in turn, is bounded on the distal side by a zone in which the head remains constant. The hydraulic conductivity of the other bed confining the aquifer is so small that it is assumed to be impermeable (see Fig. 1).</p> <p id="s00005">1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units, which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.</p> <p id="s00500">1.4.1 The converted inch-pound units use the gravitational system of units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs. The converted slug unit is not given, unless dynamic (F = ma) calculations are involved.</p> <p id="s00006">1.5 <span class="italic">This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.</span><p class="fig" id="f00001"><img src="http://www.astm.org/HTTP/IMAGES/40878.gif"><br> <span class="bold">FIG. 1 Cross Section Through a Discharging Well in a Leaky Aquifer (from Reed (1)).⁴ The Confi......